Hydraulic-electric control system for tups for drop forging



Sept. 22, 1953 HARTEMANN 2,652,691

HYDRAULIC-ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TUPS FOR DROP FORGING Filed Dec. '7, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet l EXHAUST AIR DUCT FROM CYLINDER 3O 13 A rrme n/Em Sept. 22, 1953 HARTEMANN 2,652,691

HYDRAULIC-ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TUPS FOR DROP FORGING Filed Dec. 7, 1949 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 [ME/V702 650F655 'MMrE/MMY MUZZEMM. 549% 15/3 ATTORNEYJ.

Sept. 22, 1953 G. HARTEMANN 2,652,691

HYDRAULIC-ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TUPS FOR DROP FORGING Filed Dec. 7, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 [11/ 1 5/1701? 6E06Ef fimerE/m/m' 1/3 A TTOF/VEYS.

Sept. 22, 1953 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. '7. 1949 Y Sept. 22, 1953 FOR TUPS FOR DROP FORGING 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 7. 1949 R m m E S S H s o O m M m P W 0 A C T 0 m a J a 0 FIL v a w. 0 "w \\u l||| i V I 0 g lav/4%: M

:lul rll Zen M Arramfm Patented Sept. 22, 1953 HYDRAULIC-ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TUPS FOR DROP FORGING Georges Hartemami, Montbard, France, assignor to Societe Anonyme Louvroil lviontbard Aulncye, Paris, France Application December '7, 1949, Serial No. 131,559

7 Claims- (Cl. 6097) 1 2 This invention relates to an improved electropneumatically controlled tup which needs no appreciable 'effort'on the part of the operator controlling it and which aifords very great precision in drop forging.

One object of the invention is the accurate adjustment of. the point at which the weight begins to ascend after the drop, the feature of which is that it allows a continuous upward movement to begin at the point to which the weight rebounds aiter striking the die.

Another object of the invention is the accurate regulation of the height at which the weight stops in its upward movement.

A further object of the invention is to enable the weight to be raised to any particular height so as to deliver blows of different strength as may be desired.

These results are obtained by means of electric contacts actuated by the passage of the weight at the required height; These contacts actuate relays which in their turn act on electro-pneumatic compressed-air distributors.

Finally, a further object of the invention is the accurate timing of the air-blast on the lower die, the said blast being regulated by the said electro-pneumatic device.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 shows the machine in elevation,

Figure 2 shows the machine in side elevation,

Figure 3 is a half section on the line 3-3 in Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a section on a larger scale through the upper part of the machine on the line 4-4 in Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the compressedair distributor.

Figure 6 shows diagrammatically the operation of the machine and the electric connections,

Figure '7 is another diagram of the electric connections showing the position where the tup reaches the bottom of its drop.

The tup comprises in the usual way a weight 20 to be dropped onto a die 62 (Figure 1).

According to the invention (Figures 1 and 6), the weight 20 automatically controls its own lift or drop by acting, for example, through a finger 2| on electric contacts 2, 3' and 4. The height of these contacts can be adjusted by any suitable means to afford a very accurate regulation of the moment at which the weight is raised and of the moment at which it commences to fall.

In Figure 1, the contacts 2, 3 and 4 are mounted on slides 1|, I2 on'wh'ich they can be fixed by means of pressure screws 90.

According to the invention, two contacts are provided to determine the drop: the first contact 4 is situated in the neighbourhood of the upper end of the path of the weight and serves to determine the normal drop for the drop forging operation. The second contact 3 is situated at a substantialiy lower level and determines a much shorter drop serving, for example, to finish the drop-forged article after it has been trimmed.

The general operation of the machine is as follows: the weight 20 is attached in the usual manner to a board or thick belt 22 which is gripped between two rollers 23, 24 when they are brought together. These rollers are continuously driven with a rotational movement, for example from a motor 25 (Figure 1) which transmits its motion through a belt 26 to pulleys 27 keyed on the shafts 28 of the rollers. The roller 23 is fixed. The movement of the roller 24 towards or away from roller 23 is controlled by a piston l6 (Figure 3) on the rod 82 of which are mounted bearings 29 in which the shaft 28 of the roller 2 3 rotates and which slide on the slides I20. As the piston l6 moves in the cylinder 30, the movable roller 24 approaches or moves away from the fixed roller 23 and consequently the belt 22 is gripped or released. When the belt is gripped, it is driven upwards by the rollers and raises the weight 20. On the other hand when the rollers move away from each other, the Weight 20 falls under its own weight.

According to the invention the movement of the piston 16 is regulated from a pneumatic distributor, the operation of which is in turn'controlled by electric relays actuated by the contacts 2, 3 and 4. One embodiment of this control arrangement is described hereafter.

To maintain the tup in its raised position between two drop-forging operations, a retaining device or brake is provided comprising two jaws Si, 32 (Figure 6), one of which, 3|, is controlled by the piston 8 moving in a cylinder IQ. This movement is controlled by a distributor i which will be described in more detail. The distributor l is actuated by an electric relay 5, 6. The current is established or broken in this relay by a contact pedal l whose operation needs no effort.

Figures 2 and 4 show a return spring 63 which serves to bring the jaws 3|, 32 together and to keep them closed when the piston 8 (Figure 6) is not actuated. Consequently, if the operation is stopped or if there is a breakdown the brake is applied automatically. The position of the fixed jaw 32 can be adjusted by means of an eccentric 34 (Figures 4.- and 6) which in turn is controlled was a d "wieatra tu pis on, valve it 1 .1

. titties 3 by a lever 61 (Figure 2) and a rod 68 of which an adjustment nut 69 allows the position to be adjusted.

The normal operation is broadly as follows: when the operator applies pressure to the pedal I, the jaws 3|, 32 of the brake open and the weight falls. When the finger 21 touches the contact 2, the rollers 23., 24 approach and the weight rises until the instant when the finger 2| touches the contact 4. At this instant the rollers recede and the weight falls and so on.

But if it is desired that the weight should drop from a lower level, then instead of contact 4, con

tact 3 is introduced into the circuit. by a mechanism which will be described below so that the height of the drop is reduced.

A detailed description of the various mechanisms and of the electric connections is given below.

Figure 6 shows how the distributor is actuated by the acti n o th .5- The. ;arma u B or the rela 5;. i .a..ac c.tc o ii ci a dqub eni tcu valve H3 ,hvmeansoi eaen it and a. channellfit 9am. w i h val .59 .i ..1. :e t ev d ubl pist n .v e it? co est th nte f th yl n er ...ct.i lt.i c mpressed a m or with apertures tilfl, or I09 communicating with he. outer .atrccsnhere- It t wh n he a mat efi sa unne n sit qn a d. s lq fi h h t-m e'fd o the. vl nci rii Fiewe 5) i h e r i i t say. wi h. hQOui a m p r the lti hand, 1 i cylind with line C.

thatisto W th tt g ii ssl i, Th reve se s rue. Wh nthe re y 5 den 's endivh'n the armature 6 falls under theaction of a spring B tu ninsm t the mechanism for i i th wei ht 9... ihati to y e rs itis clear 'gu es 3 and 6) that the roller 23 is .336% but t i also. clear that'its position canbe adjusted by rneansof screws St acting on the .lcea nss itheidlg 2 (Fig re T l be advanced or retracted by means h is provided with a dog/ 3i nd a locking nut means QithiS. ngernent the distance between .tllQIQHQIIElPJ-f t o teamm te into the thickness of the belt 22. I

frhe.. .cha iis o .qqn rql s he is i5 shorzn.diae. nqal v i g nd The adm fifiiqi ct 4 int the fr ricrtt (F ure i pcn rqlle lbv di trib to shown in detaiL in Figs. 5. .and'iniur ctu t d y an electro-pneum servo-valve The distributor. comprisesa eve 36 inside which slidesa rod 38.- .carrvingat. l1 :,.llPP .If;en a ,d0u niston valve 33,. 3.9;. The sleeve 36 is in constant coinmunciation by means of; a channel {it and ports as with asourceof; compressed air, and byrneans ofports. 2 with an annular chamber 43 leading into a channel A i. opening to thecylinder e53. The lower part of the sleeve 35 isprovided with an aperture i through. which theair contained in the cylinder 3% escapes, t I

It will be readilyunderstood that according to whetherthe valve 31, 39 places the ports (i2 into communication withthechannel 30 or with the aperture pressure is exerted on the piston it or is released from'the piston. The rod of the piston is isfmoreover subjected to the action of powerful return springs. l8 acting on a transverse member83. '(Figure 3). When thepiston tier is no longer under pressure, these springs imm diately draw it to the rear and consequently swing the roller 24 clear of roller 23.

But the operation of the piston valve 3?, 39 needs far greater force for direct control than can be produced by an electric control such as a solenoid. Therefore, in accordance with the invention a pneumatic ser-vq-valveis provided and is described below. (Figure 5). This servo-valve comprises a body Ail within which moves a double piston valve 48, t9. Two rows of ports are provided the body 41. The first row 59 communicates through a channel 5| with the duct ii] throu h wh h. comp d a r is ppli d; th second series. 52 communicates through a channel 53 with the upper end of the sleeve 36. Further the lower part 92 of the body 41 is open and communicates through an aperture 5 3 with the. atmosphere.

Ihe double piston valve 37, 39 is actuated in heiQ i W Therod 55hr the 'pisjtn vaiv'e 9 'isconn ted t'o the "corelZ of atheism "i2 '(Fig'u'refi'), the operation of which isiegulat'ed by the'contacts 2, t and eyes willbe'sefen later. Under theaction of the solenoid "i2 'and opposing "mg :93, the rod 55 -isfraised or "lowered "and iesthe piston valve dtjfwith it. When'the Vall /"e 28, 59 is in its raised position, the 7 sed air arrivingfaftthfe portst'ii through the channel 5i and "past afneedle valve has no outlet (position showniri'Figure 5') 'Butifthe rod "isfl'ow'ered, the -piston figdesce'nds below nel '53 the upper part'offthe cylinder member so. that it causes the, piston valve 3?, '39- "to descend '(s'inc'e'air'pressure is then'appliecl to the end of 3%) while overcoming the'a'ction'oi the ifetu'lir'i springs" 56 situated? outside the mem- The "action of the "said return springs will" e described'later. g p N If at this iiistantthe pistonsflh ie rise again and "tar up the position/shown in "Figure-5, compressed air casesto reachthepi'stontit-but the upper part "of this piston'is brought into communication through thechannelf and the 52 with the lower part 92oft'he 'bodyfiiiyand consequently with the apertures 5 3'. 'The'springs E215 cane the"'pisto wane-er; 39"t0 rise,-d-riving the air out through't' i. At E'tf'ja regulating needla valve is seen for controlling the air inlet to" the ports 50. v

Tljiereturn springs 56' are. att'ached'to a transpistons 31. 39 and sliding to and fro betwe'e'n steps '59, 59 (pr'eier'ablyiind with a "shockabsorbing material),. The lower stop "turnay be "adjustedjby means; of Screw 8 i, "which allows the adjustment of the travel" of the piston valve 351, 39.

According to a feature or the inventinn, the escape of the air. Qontainedinjthecy rider- 36 through they aperturetfi'durin jthe return--of-tlie piston to "the rear "isdirected' towards the "ower die 62. through]thefduct tdand the; ap ture St so thatv the air'is p rojectedonto this'die. -It will be noticed that" this. blowing action occurs at w when therollersitfl 2A1 recede, thatis to say'at tjhel'b eginhing' oft "drop or the weight 29. Thisresults in an: automatic timing i of the blast'of air.

The electric' connectionsior the controrof' 'the solenoid]? fro'mjthe contacts 2gjt or i now be described. These contacts'areshown Figure 6, in continuous lines for the position of restof the tup (2 open, 3 and 4 closed), and in dotted lines in the position they take up momentarily during the passage of the finger 2|. The installation assembly is fed with current from any connected to the lever It for controlling the jaw.

3! of the brake. The commutator is of the reciprocating type so that through the successive opening and closing of the jaw 31 on the jaw 32 of the brake, it is successively opened and closed, the jaw 3| having no action.

The solenoid i2 is maintained energised by a contact ll.

When the operator depresses the pedal l, the current is established in the conductors IV, V, and the relay 5 is energised. The latter then attracts its armature 6. The piston 8 moves under the action of the distributor l. The jaw 31 recedes and the brake is thus. released. The weight so falls and closes the contact 2.

The circuit of the relay is then established by A, the point T, contact 2, wire III, solenoid l2, the point U, wire IV, and B and, as has been seen, the distributor P of the cylinder 30 is actuated, the roller 24 approaches roller 23 and the weight is is raised. In this position the commutator 9 is closed by the rod 10. The circuit of solenoid I2 is kept closed through A, contact 3, wire II, commutator 9, N, contact ll, solenoid 52, point U, wire IV and B. When the contact 3 is opened by finger 2! during the ascent of the weight (Figure '7), the situation is unaflected, because commutator 9 is closed, but when the weight is during its ascent opens contact 4, the solenoid I2 is no longer excited, rod 55 ascends under the action of the spring 93, and, through the mechanism already described, the roller 24 recedes from roller 23 and this causes the weight is to fall. The weight then ascends up to contacts d for the free drop for as long as the pedal 5 is depressed. If the operator releases the pedal l, the relay 5 ceases to be energised, the distributor i functions in the reverse direction and moves the piston 8 to the position shown in Fig. 6 so that the brake 3|, 32 is locked. But at the same time the position of the commutator 9 is altered by the rod It so that the commutator 9 is now opened. When the operator again depresses the pedal l, the relay 5 is again excited, the weight 20 falls and, when the finger 2i touches the contact 2 the mechanism Q, P, actuated by the energised solenoid [2 causes the weight 20 to re-ascend. At this moment the cir cuit is established as follows: A, contact 4, M, wire VI, contact 3, wire I, N, contact l1, solenoid i2, U, wire IV, and B.

In the wiring scheme shown in Figure 7 it can be seen that when contact 4 is closed and commutator 9 open, it is the closing of contact 3 which causes a break in the current in the solenoid l2 and, consequently, the fall of the weight. As a result the weight 20 rises only up to the level for which the finger 2i touches the contact 3. At this moment the solenoid I2 is de-energised and, as has been seen, the weight drops. This ascent up to the contact 3 and then a free 6 drop is continued for as long as the operator keeps the pedal l depressed.

It can be seen that successive pressing of the pedal l by the operator causes the weight 20 to fall alternately from the level 4, or the higher level, and from the level 3, or the lower level, and this corresponds to the condition in which the tup is normally used. However, for one reason or another, it may be desired that successive depressions on the pedal should produce a succession of falls of the weight from the higher level. To this end a contact 99 shunting the commutator 9 (Figure 7 dotted lines), is introduced to enable, by a manual operation, the maintenance of the circuit established between the points M and N whether the commutator 9 is opened or closed, that is to say, to keep the contact 3 inactive.

I claim:

1. A control system for a tup comprising a first fluid motor to apply and release a brake, a second fluid motor to move a pair of rollers toward and away from each other, a source of electric current, first and second electric windings, a source of fluid pressure, first and second valves interposed between said source of fluid pressure and said first and second motors, respectively, to control the operation of said motors, said first and second valves being actuated by energization by said first and second windings, respectively, a first manually actuated switch connected between the source of current and the first winding, a lower electric switch and two upper electric switches, means to adjust the vertical spacing between said switches, said upper and lower switches being electrically connected between the source of current and the second winding, means movable to successively close the lower and upper switches, and another switch connected between the source of current and said second winding, the lastmentioned switch being actuated at each closing of the first switch to alternatingly render the second winding responsive to opening of one or the other of the two upper switches.

2. A control system for a tup comprising a first fluid motor to apply and release a brake, a second fluid motor to move a pair of rollers toward and away from each other, a first electric winding having an armature to control said first fluid motor, a second electric winding having an armature to control said second fluid motor, a source of electric current, electric circuits connecting the said source of current and the two electric windings, a first manually actuated switch connected in the circuit between the said source of current and the first winding, a series of three electric switches vertically arranged above each other, means to adjust the vertical spacing of said switches, means connecting said series of three switches in the electric circuit connected to the second Winding, a member having a projection movable past said switches and cooperating with each one of the series of three switches to actuate them in succession, another switch in the circuit of the second winding to activate selectively one or the other of the two upper switches of the series of three switches, and means responsive to actuation of said first fluid motor to control said another switch.

3. The control system set forth in claim 2 in which said second fluid motor comprises a first distributor having a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a double piston valve movable in said cylinder and another distributor having a double piston valve controlled by the second 

